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Indian polity

Historical background:-

   The British government passed many Laws and acts in India before formulation of constitution. These acts elicited different reactions from different parts of Indian society and played a pivotal role in modelling of either of Indian polity or society. Some of most important and consequential acts are listed below:-

Regulating act,1773:- This was first intervention of British government to regulate the affairs of East India company in India.
It made governor of Bengal governal general of Bengal and an executive council to aid and assist him.

Pitts India act,1784:- This act is between commercial and political functions of company because the 'Court of Directors' were to manage commercial affairs and civil government and British possesions.

Charter act 1833:- This act is known as it's centralising efforts.

Charter act of 1853:- Last charter act out separation in legislative and executive functions of governor-general's council . The civil services were accessibke to India's.

Government of India act of 1858:- This act came as an after effect do REVOLT of 1857.

Indian council act of 1861:- Some Indians were to be nominated by viceroy in the council as non official member.

Indian council act of 1892:- The number of non official members are increased in both central and provincial legislative council .

Indian council act of 1909:- known as morley- Minto reforms.

Government of India act 1919:- known as montagu-chelmsford reforms.
The central and provincial lists of subjects were introduced in legislature.

Simon commission 1927:- Actually want to make in 1929 but formed in 1927 .chairman is John Simon.

Govt of India act 1935:- The powers between centre and stated were divided in terms of Federal list, provincial and concurrrent list.

Indian independence act 1947:- Provided enactment to Mountbatten plan of 3 June 1947.

Ended the British rule and declared India to be independent from 15 aug 1947.

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